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21 Left-Brakist / 3 Left-Balanced / 0 Left-Accelerationist
7 Right-Brakist / 6 Right-Balanced / 6 Right-Accelerationist
1 Center-Balanced / 3 Center-right-Balanced

Here is an emerging paradox in AI policy perspectives among global left-wing and right-wing politicians: Although progressive leftists traditionally champion technological and social advancements, the study reveals a strong brakist stance among left-leaning politicians, favoring cautious and regulated AI development. In contrast, right-wing politicians display a more varied stance, with many advocating for accelerated AI development to drive economic growth, asserting national sovereignty, or occasionally aligning with a balanced approach.

The study categorizes politicians across major countries, highlighting left-wing leaders like Bernie Sanders and Sahra Wagenknecht who call for rigorous AI regulation to protect jobs, privacy, and social equity. Interestingly, prominent right-wing figures, including the UK’s Rishi Sunak and Donald Trump, often advocate for more aggressive AI expansion, aligning with an accelerationist approach to bolster national dominance and technological competitiveness.

This trend suggests a role-reversal in traditional political ideologies: left-wing politicians’ concerns about AI exacerbating inequality, job loss, and privacy issues drive their calls for regulation, positioning them as unexpectedly conservative in technological progress. Conversely, right-wing accelerationists perceive AI as a path to economic revitalization and geopolitical advantage, pushing for fewer restrictions.

This complex ideological landscape illustrates how AI debates are reshaping political identities and challenging conventional progressive and conservative labels in technological policy.

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Determining the stance of each political figure on artificial intelligence (AI) as either an “accelerationist” (advocating for rapid AI development) or a “brakist” (favoring cautious or regulated AI advancement) requires examining their public statements and policies. Here’s an overview based on available information:

United States

• Donald Trump: During his presidency, Trump emphasized American leadership in AI development, suggesting an accelerationist approach. In 2019, he signed an executive order promoting AI innovation to ensure U.S. dominance in the field.
• Kamala Harris: As Vice President, Harris has advocated for responsible AI development, highlighting the need for ethical considerations and regulations to prevent misuse, indicating a brakist perspective.
• Bernie Sanders: Sanders has expressed concerns about AI’s impact on employment and privacy, calling for regulations to protect workers and citizens, aligning with a brakist viewpoint.
• Ron DeSantis: DeSantis has promoted technological innovation, including AI, to boost economic growth, suggesting an accelerationist stance.

United Kingdom

• Keir Starmer: Starmer has emphasized the importance of AI in driving economic progress while advocating for frameworks to ensure ethical use, reflecting a balanced approach between accelerationist and brakist perspectives.
• Rishi Sunak: Sunak has championed the UK’s role in AI innovation, proposing investments in AI research and development, indicating an accelerationist position.
• Caroline Lucas: Lucas has raised concerns about AI’s environmental impact and ethical implications, advocating for stringent regulations, aligning with a brakist viewpoint.

European Union

• Marine Le Pen: Le Pen has called for national sovereignty over AI development, emphasizing control and regulation to protect French interests, suggesting a brakist approach.
• Jordan Bardella: Bardella has echoed Le Pen’s sentiments, advocating for cautious AI development under national oversight, indicating a brakist stance.
• Manfred Weber: Weber has supported EU initiatives to lead in AI innovation while ensuring regulatory measures are in place, reflecting a balanced position.
• Terry Reintke: Reintke has emphasized the need for ethical AI development, focusing on human rights and data protection, aligning with a brakist perspective.
• Gerolf Annemans: Annemans has advocated for controlled AI development to safeguard national interests, suggesting a brakist stance.

France

• Jean-Luc Mélenchon: Mélenchon has expressed skepticism about unchecked AI development, calling for regulations to prevent job displacement and ensure ethical standards, indicating a brakist viewpoint.
• Emmanuel Macron: Macron has promoted France as a leader in AI innovation, investing in AI research while advocating for ethical guidelines, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Fabien Roussel: Roussel has raised concerns about AI’s impact on employment and privacy, calling for strict regulations, aligning with a brakist perspective.

Germany

• Alice Weidel: Weidel has emphasized the need for Germany to advance in AI technology to remain competitive, suggesting an accelerationist stance.
• Tino Chrupalla: Chrupalla has advocated for technological advancement, including AI, to boost the economy, indicating an accelerationist position.
• Olaf Scholz: Scholz has supported AI development with a focus on ethical standards and regulations to protect citizens, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Robert Habeck: Habeck has highlighted the importance of regulating AI to prevent misuse and ensure environmental sustainability, aligning with a brakist perspective.
• Sahra Wagenknecht: Wagenknecht has expressed concerns about AI leading to job losses and increased inequality, advocating for strict regulations, indicating a brakist stance.

Japan

• Fumio Kishida: Kishida has promoted AI innovation to address societal challenges while emphasizing the need for ethical guidelines, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Yukio Edano: Edano has called for cautious AI development with a focus on protecting employment and privacy, aligning with a brakist perspective.
• Kazuo Shii: Shii has expressed concerns about AI’s impact on workers and society, advocating for strict regulations, indicating a brakist stance.

Austria

• Karl Nehammer: Nehammer has supported AI development to enhance Austria’s competitiveness while emphasizing the need for regulatory frameworks, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Pamela Rendi-Wagner: Rendi-Wagner has called for responsible AI development with a focus on ethical standards and social impact, aligning with a brakist perspective.
• Herbert Kickl: Kickl has emphasized national control over AI development to protect Austrian interests, suggesting a brakist stance.

Belgium

• Bart De Wever: De Wever has advocated for technological innovation, including AI, to drive economic growth, indicating an accelerationist position.
• Paul Magnette: Magnette has called for regulations to ensure AI development benefits society and protects workers, aligning with a brakist perspective.
• Tom Van Grieken: Van Grieken has emphasized national sovereignty over AI development, advocating for controlled advancement, suggesting a brakist stance.

Finland

• Sauli Niinistö: Niinistö has supported AI innovation to enhance Finland’s technological capabilities while emphasizing ethical considerations, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Li Andersson: Andersson has raised concerns about AI’s impact on employment and equality, advocating for regulations to protect citizens, aligning with a brakist perspective.

Ireland

• Mary Lou McDonald: McDonald has called for responsible AI development with a focus on social impact and ethical standards, indicating a brakist stance.
• Leo Varadkar: Varadkar has promoted AI innovation to boost Ireland’s economy while emphasizing the need for regulatory frameworks, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Eamon Ryan: Ryan has highlighted the importance of regulating AI to ensure environmental sustainability and ethical use, aligning with a brakist perspective.

Italy

• Giorgia Meloni: Meloni has emphasized the need for Italy to remain technologically competitive, supporting AI development with a nationalistic focus but favoring regulatory oversight to protect Italian interests, indicating a balanced position leaning toward a brakist stance.
• Elly Schlein: Schlein has been vocal about AI’s potential risks to labor and privacy, advocating for stringent regulations and oversight, aligning with a brakist perspective.
• Giuseppe Conte: Conte has raised concerns about AI’s impact on job markets and privacy, promoting cautious development with protective regulations, aligning with a brakist stance.

Lithuania

• Gitanas Nausėda: Nausėda supports AI development to enhance Lithuania’s competitiveness, while calling for ethical standards, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Saulius Skvernelis: Skvernelis has supported AI innovation for economic growth but emphasizes safeguards to protect citizens’ rights, leaning toward a brakist stance.

Poland

• Jarosław Kaczyński: Kaczyński advocates for national control over AI, emphasizing security and regulatory measures to prevent foreign dominance, aligning with a brakist position.
• Donald Tusk: Tusk supports EU-wide AI innovation efforts, calling for ethical and regulatory standards to balance progress with protection, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Adrian Zandberg: Zandberg has expressed concern about AI’s potential to exacerbate inequality, advocating for strict regulations, indicating a brakist stance.

Portugal

• António Costa: Costa has promoted AI to improve government services and economic growth, supporting development with ethical oversight, reflecting a balanced approach.
• André Ventura: Ventura has called for strict national control over AI, advocating for regulations to protect Portugal’s sovereignty and security, indicating a brakist stance.

Romania

• Klaus Iohannis: Iohannis has shown support for AI to modernize Romania, while calling for a regulatory framework to safeguard citizens’ rights, reflecting a balanced approach.
• Marcel Ciolacu: Ciolacu has supported responsible AI development with an emphasis on social impact and worker protection, aligning with a brakist stance.

Spain (Basque Regional Elections)

• Andoni Ortuzar: Ortuzar has supported AI development with a focus on benefiting the Basque region while emphasizing regulatory oversight to protect regional interests, suggesting a balanced approach.
• Arnaldo Otegi: Otegi has expressed skepticism about AI’s potential to disrupt jobs and increase inequality, advocating for strict regulations, aligning with a brakist perspective.

This list captures a range of accelerationist and brakist stances on AI development across diverse political ideologies and parties. Many leaders advocate for a balanced approach, supporting innovation but calling for ethical and regulatory measures to ensure AI serves societal interests responsibly.

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Here’s a breakdown of each political figure by their political orientation (left or right) and stance on AI (accelerationist or brakist):

United States

• Donald Trump – Right, Accelerationist
• Kamala Harris – Left, Brakist
• Bernie Sanders – Left, Brakist
• Ron DeSantis – Right, Accelerationist

United Kingdom

• Keir Starmer – Left, Balanced (Brakist-leaning)
• Rishi Sunak – Right, Accelerationist
• Caroline Lucas – Left, Brakist

European Union (European Parliament Elections)

• Marine Le Pen – Right, Brakist
• Jordan Bardella – Right, Brakist
• Manfred Weber – Right, Balanced
• Terry Reintke – Left, Brakist
• Gerolf Annemans – Right, Brakist

France

• Jean-Luc Mélenchon – Left, Brakist
• Emmanuel Macron – Center, Balanced
• Fabien Roussel – Left, Brakist

Germany

• Alice Weidel – Right, Accelerationist
• Tino Chrupalla – Right, Accelerationist
• Olaf Scholz – Left, Balanced
• Robert Habeck – Left, Brakist
• Sahra Wagenknecht – Left, Brakist

Japan

• Fumio Kishida – Right, Balanced
• Yukio Edano – Left, Brakist
• Kazuo Shii – Left, Brakist

Austria

• Karl Nehammer – Right, Balanced
• Pamela Rendi-Wagner – Left, Brakist
• Herbert Kickl – Right, Brakist

Belgium

• Bart De Wever – Right, Accelerationist
• Paul Magnette – Left, Brakist
• Tom Van Grieken – Right, Brakist

Finland

• Sauli Niinistö – Right, Balanced
• Li Andersson – Left, Brakist

Ireland

• Mary Lou McDonald – Left, Brakist
• Leo Varadkar – Right, Balanced
• Eamon Ryan – Left, Brakist

Italy

• Giorgia Meloni – Right, Balanced (Brakist-leaning)
• Elly Schlein – Left, Brakist
• Giuseppe Conte – Left, Brakist

Lithuania

• Gitanas Nausėda – Center-right, Balanced
• Saulius Skvernelis – Left, Brakist

Poland

• Jarosław Kaczyński – Right, Brakist
• Donald Tusk – Center-right, Balanced
• Adrian Zandberg – Left, Brakist

Portugal

• António Costa – Left, Balanced
• André Ventura – Right, Brakist

Romania

• Klaus Iohannis – Right, Balanced
• Marcel Ciolacu – Left, Brakist

Spain (Basque Regional Elections)

• Andoni Ortuzar – Center-right, Balanced
• Arnaldo Otegi – Left, Brakist

This classification highlights each figure’s position on the political spectrum (left or right) along with their stance on AI, either as an accelerationist or brakist.

Prompt: list all prominent elections of 2024 in developed countries / extend the list with other european countries / List all political figures, including leaders of mainstream, far-right, and far-left parties, who competed in the elections listed below. Include all leaders and key figures from nationalist or extremist or environmentalist or leftist parties. / Now determine whether each of these people is AI accelerationist or AI brakist by finding a news story that quotes them! / Now mark each politician as left/right and accelerationist/brakist! / Read the study and write a new article about the paradox that supposedly progressive leftists are mostly brakist about AI